Uru ngwaahịa bentonite dị elu

Akụ bentonite nke China bara ụba nke ukwuu, na-ekpuchi ógbè na obodo iri abụọ na isii, ebe nchekwa ahụ bụ nke mbụ n'ụwa.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, bentonite nke China etolitela ngwa ngwa, ngwa ya eruola ubi iri abụọ na anọ, na-arụpụta ihe karịrị nde tọn 3.1 kwa afọ.Mana enwere ọtụtụ ọkwa dị ala, yana ihe na-erughị 7% nke ngwaahịa dị elu.Ya mere, mmepe nke ngwaahịa bara uru dị elu bụ ihe kacha mkpa.Ịmepụta ike na-emepụta ngwaahịa bentonite dị elu nwere ike nweta nkwụghachi ụgwọ dị elu, ma zere ịla n'iyi, ugbu a, bentonite nwere nanị ụdị 4 nke uru dị elu, nke kwesịrị ịṅa ntị.

1. Montmorillonite

Naanị montmorillonite dị ọcha nwere ike iji akụrụngwa mara mma nke ya.

Enwere ike sachapụ Montmorillonite site na bentonite eke na-ezute ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, yana montmorillonite ejirila ya na teknụzụ dị elu dị ka ọgwụ na nri dị ka ụdị nwere onwe karịa bentonite.

Nkọwa nke China gbasara ngwaahịa montmorillonite abụghị otu, nke na-ebutekarị mgbagwoju anya na ngwaahịa montmorillonite.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, e nwere nkọwa abụọ nke ngwaahịa montmorillonite, otu bụ nkọwa nke ngwaahịa montmorillonite na ụlọ ọrụ ịnweta mineral na-abụghị ọla: ọdịnaya montmorillonite karịrị 80% na ụrọ ụrọ ka a na-akpọ montmorillonite, dị ka montmorillonite desiccant, wdg, ọdịnaya ngwaahịa ya. bụ nke ukwuu qualitatively quantitatively quantified site ụzọ dị ka blue absorption, na ọkwa abụghị ihe ọzọ karịa elu-ọcha bentonite;Nke ọzọ bụ nkọwa nke montmorillonite na ngalaba nyocha sayensị na nyocha, yana ọdịnaya ngwaahịa ya na-abụkarị qualitatively nke XRD na ụzọ ndị ọzọ, nke bụ montmorillonite n'ezie, nke nwere ike imezu ihe achọrọ nke ngwaahịa montmorillonite na ọgwụ, ihe ịchọ mma. , nri na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ.Montmorillonite a kọwara n'isiokwu a bụ ngwaahịa montmorillonite n'ọkwa a.

Enwere ike iji Montmorillonite na ọgwụ
Montmorillonite (Montmorillonite, Smectite) gụnyere na United States Pharmacopoeia, British Pharmacopoeia na European Pharmacopoeia, odorless, ubé earthy, na-adịghị ewe iwe, enweghị mmetụta na ụjọ, iku ume na obi usoro, na ezi adsorption ikike, cation mgbanwe ikike na mmiri. ike absorption na mgbasawanye, mmetụta mgbasa ozi dị mma na Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter jejuni, Staphylococcus aureus na rotavirus na bile salts, ma nweekwa mmetụta na-adịghị mma na nsị nje.Ọrịa afọ ọsịsa na-adị ngwa ngwa, ya mere a na-eji nkwadebe ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na usoro ọgwụgwọ.Na mgbakwunye na nkwadobe, a na-ejikwa montmorillonite APIs na njikọ ọgwụ yana dịka ihe enyemaka maka nkwado nkwado ntọhapụ.

Enwere ike iji Montmorillonite na ọgwụ anụmanụ na ahụike anụmanụ
A na-eji Montmorillonite na-arụ ọrụ ugbo, ngwaahịa ahụ ga-adị ọcha, kpebisie ike na ọ gaghị egbu egbu (arsenic, mercury, lead, ashlenite adịghị agafe ọkọlọtọ), ojiji ọ bụla bentonite raw ore maka ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe ga-emerụ anụ ụlọ. .
A na-eji Montmorillonite eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ịzụ anụmanụ, ebe ọ na-ekpo ọkụ na-etinyekwa aka na nchekwa eriri afọ na afọ ọsịsa, iwepụ ebu, hemostasis na mgbochi mkpali, na ndozi ngere.

Enwere ike iji Montmorillonite na ihe ịchọ mma
Montmorillonite nwere ike wepu ma na-amịkọrọ ihe ndị fọdụrụ na etemeete, unyi adịghị ọcha na oke mmanụ dị n'ahịrị anụ ahụ, wee mee ka mmanu buru ibu, mee ka ọ dịkwuo mma, mee ka mkpofu nke mkpụrụ ndụ ochie nwụrụ anwụ, na-ejikọta oke pores, mee ka melanocytes dịkwuo elu, ma melite ụda anụ ahụ.

Enwere ike iji Montmorillonite na-arụ ọrụ ugbo kristal, nwere ike ime ka mmiri dị ọcha, agaghị agbanwe uru pH nke mmiri, na-enye nri ịnweta mineral, na-enwe mmetụta na-acha ọcha na kristal shrimp, na ọ dị mkpa maka ịzụlite kristal shrimp.

A na-eji Montmorillonite mee ihe dị ka ihe mgbakwunye nri na emulsifier na nri, enwere ike iji ya dị ka nri na-efunahụ ibu;Ọ nwere ike ime ka ihe ọṅụṅụ mkpụrụ osisi na ihe ọṅụṅụ shuga doo anya ma gbasaa;Na-eme ka mmiri siri ike dị nro.Enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe mgbakwunye anụ anaghị eri anụ, na-edochi ihe mgbakwunye anụ ọhịa gbanwetụrụ dị ka protein na gelatin.

Enwere ike iji Montmorillonite dị ka onye na-akọwa mmanya, nano montmorillonite nwere nnukwu mgbasa ozi elu yana interlayer nwere njirimara nke ụgwọ na-adịghị mma na-adịgide adịgide, nwere ike ịgbasa protein nke ọma, pigmenti macromolecular na ihe ndị ọzọ nwere ebubo colloidal ma mepụta agglomeration, enwere ike iji ya dị ka mmanya. , Mmanya mkpụrụ osisi, ihe ọṅụṅụ mkpụrụ osisi, soy sauce, mmanya mmanya, mmanya osikapa na ihe ndị ọzọ na-emepụta ihe nkọwa na ọgwụgwọ nkwụsi ike.Nsonaazụ nnwale: nanomontmorillonite anaghị agbanwe ọdịdị, agba, ekpomeekpo na njirimara ndị ọzọ nke mmanya, mmanya mkpụrụ osisi na ihe ọṅụṅụ ndị ọzọ, enwere ike kewapụ ya site na imi n'ihi oke mmiri na-adịghị ike ya.

Usoro ngwa: tinye nano-montmorillonite wine clarifier na ugboro 3-6 nke mmiri ka ọ zaa nke ọma, kpalite n'ime slurry, wee tinye ya na mmanya a ga-agwọ ya na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ na-akpalite ma gbasasịa n'otu n'otu, na n'ikpeazụ nyochaa iji nweta ahụ doro anya ma na-egbu maramara.

A na-eji Nano montmorillonite wine clarifier mee ihe maka nkọwa mmanya ruo ihe karịrị afọ 50, nke dị oke nchebe ma bụrụ nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya, ma nwee mmetụta enyemaka na mgbochi na njikwa nke "mbibi ígwè" na "browning" nke mmanya.

2. Organic bentonite

N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, organic bentonite (amination) na-enweta site na ikpuchi bentonite dabeere sodium na organic amine salts.

A na-eji bentonite Organic eme ihe na ink agba, mkpọ mmanụ, ihe mkpuchi polymer na-arụ ọrụ na mpaghara ndị ọzọ.

Organic bentonite bụ ihe na-arụ ọrụ gelling dị irè maka mmiri mmiri.Ịgbakwunye nnukwu bentonite organic na usoro mmiri mmiri mmiri ga-emetụta rheology ya, viscosity na-abawanye, mgbanwe mmiri na-agbanwe, na usoro ahụ na-aghọ thixotropic.A na-ejikarị bentonite organic eme ihe na agba, inks na-ebipụta, lubricants, ịchọ mma na ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ndị ọzọ iji chịkwaa viscosity na flowability, na-eme ka mmepụta dị mfe, nkwụsi ike nchekwa na ịrụ ọrụ ka mma.Na epoxy resin, phenolic resin, asphalt na ndị ọzọ sịntetik resins na Fe, Pb, Zn na ndị ọzọ usoro nke pigmenti akọwa, ọ nwere ike na-eji dị ka ihe mgbochi-edozi inyeaka, na ike igbochi pigmenti ala agglomeration, corrosion iguzogide, ndim mkpuchi. , wdg;Ejiri ink dabere na ihe mgbaze nwere ike iji dị ka ihe mgbakwunye na-agbari agbawa iji dozie viscosity na ngbanwe nke ink, gbochie mgbasa ink, ma melite thixotropy.

A na-eji bentonite Organic na-egwupụta mmanụ ma nwee ike iji ya dị ka apịtị na mgbakwunye mmanụ na-eme ka apịtị na-agbanwe agbanwe, melite mgbasa apịtị na nkwusioru.

A na-eji bentonite Organic dị ka ihe ndochi maka rọba na ụfọdụ ngwaahịa rọba dị ka taya na mpempe akwụkwọ rọba.A na-eji bentonite Organic dị ka ihe mkpuchi rọba, nke bụ teknụzụ ọhụrụ n'ime afọ iri asatọ ma na-ejikarị ya na CIS mbụ, United States, United Kingdom na mba ndị ọzọ.Ka afọ atọ nke nyocha na mmepe gasịrị, ụlọ ọrụ nyocha nke ụlọ ọrụ Jilin Chemical Industry ewepụtala nke ọma usoro teknụzụ nke imepụta bentonite organic (nke a makwaara dị ka modified bentonite) maka rọba.A na-anwale ngwaahịa ndị ahụ na Huadian , Jilin, Changchun, Jihua na ụlọ ọrụ taya ndị ọzọ, na mmetụta dị ịrịba ama, ọ bụghị nanị na ndụ ọrụ taya na-agbatị, kamakwa ọnụahịa nke mmepụta taya na-ebelata nke ukwuu.Organic bentonite maka roba (modified bentonite) ka achọpụtala ma nabata ya site na ụlọ ọrụ rọba, ikike ahịa ahụ dịkwa ukwuu.

A na-ejikwa Nanoscale organic bentonite maka mgbanwe nano nke plastik dị ka naịlọn, polyester, polyolefin (ethylene, propylene, styrene, vinyl chloride) na resin epoxy iji meziwanye nguzogide okpomọkụ ya, ike, iyi nguzogide, ihe mgbochi gas na ike ndọda.Ngwa nke nano-scale organic bentonite na roba na-ejikarị eme ihe maka nano-mgbanwe nke ngwaahịa rọba, na-eme ka ikuku ya dịkwuo elu, mmasi ndọtị na-eyi na-eguzogide, nguzogide corrosion, iguzogide ihu igwe na nguzogide kemịkalụ.Polyurethane elastomer/montmorillonite nanocomposites na EPDM/montmorillonite nanocomposites a mụọla nke ọma.

Nano-scale organic bentonite/polymer masterbatch (gbanwee na ngwa ngwa gbasasịa ngwakọta) nwere ike si na nano-scale organic bentonite/polymer masterbatch (gbanwere na mfe gbasasịa), na nano-ọnụ ọgụgụ organic bentonite/polymer masterbatch nwere ike jikọta ya na roba ma ọ bụ elastomer. iji kwadebe nano-bentonite composite thermoplastic elastomer, nke nwere ike mee ka mmepe nke nano-thermoplastic elastomer dịkwuo elu.

3. Akwa ọcha bentonite

Nnukwu ọcha bentonite bụ sodium dị ọcha (calcium) dabere na bentonite nwere ọcha ma ọ dịkarịa ala 80 ma ọ bụ karịa.Akwa bentonite na-acha ọcha na-erite uru site na ịcha ọcha ya ma na-ewu ewu n'ọtụtụ akụkụ dị ka ngwaahịa kemịkalụ kwa ụbọchị, ceramik, imepụta akwụkwọ, na mkpuchi.

Ngwaahịa kemịkalụ kwa ụbọchị: akwa bentonite na-acha ọcha na ncha, ntụ ntụ na-asacha, ncha dị ka ihe na-eme ka ihe dị nro, onye na-eme ka ọ dị nro, na-etinye ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha, gbochie nchịkọta nke crusts na ihe fọdụrụ n'elu ákwà ahụ, belata ntinye nke zeolite na akwa ákwà;Ọ nwere ike idobe unyi na ihe ndị ọzọ dị na mmiri mmiri na nkwusioru;Adsorbs mmanụ na ndị ọzọ adịghị ọcha, na ọbụna ike condense bacteria.A na-eji ya dị ka onye na-ahụ maka gelling na ntacha eze na ihe ịchọ mma, ma nwee ike dochie onye na-ahụ maka thickener na thixotropic maka ntacha eze si mba ọzọ --- sịntetik magnesium aluminum silicate.Nsonaazụ ule na-egosi na akwa akwa akwa bentonite na-acha ọcha nwere ọdịnaya montmorillonite nke> 97% na ọcha nke 82 dị nro ma kwụ ọtọ, viscosity tensile nke mado ahụ bụ 21mm, na mado ahụ nwere ezigbo gloss mgbe emejuchara ya.Mgbe ọnwa 3 nke ntinye na-aga n'ihu na nnukwu okpomọkụ nke ogo 50, a na-agbaji pasta ahụ, agba na-agbanweghị agbanwe, ncha eze bụ nke na-adọrọ adọrọ, ọ dịghị granulation na ọnụ akọrọ, na tube aluminum bụ kpamkpam na-adịghị emebi emebi, na elu nke tapawa dị nro ma dị nro.Mgbe ọnwa 5 nke okpomọkụ dị elu na ọnwa 7 nke nyocha na nyocha ụlọ okpomọkụ, ncha eze na-ezute ụkpụrụ ọhụrụ nke ncha eze, na enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe eji eme ihe.

Ceramics: A na-eji bentonite na-acha ọcha mee ihe dị ka ihe mkpuchi rọba na ceramik, ọkachasị na ngwaahịa ndị chọrọ ịdị ọcha dị elu mgbe emechara ya.Ya rheological na expandable Njirimara na-enye seramiiki tapawa plasticity na ụba ike, mgbe stabilizing nkwusioru nke mmiri na mado, mgbe ya akọrọ adhesion na-enye a elu njide ike na ekwe iguzogide a ṅara n'ọkụ ọgwụgwụ ngwaahịa.Na seramiiki glazes, a na-ejikwa bentonite na-acha ọcha mee ihe dị ka plasticizer na thickener, na-enye ike, plasticity na elu adhesion na glaze na nkwado, na-akwado ịkụnye bọl.

• Ịme akwụkwọ: Na ụlọ ọrụ akwụkwọ, enwere ike iji bentonite na-acha ọcha mee ihe dị ka ihe na-acha ọcha ịnweta multifunctional.
• mkpuchi mkpuchi: onye na-ahụ maka viscous na ihe na-acha ọcha na-acha ọcha na mkpuchi, nke nwere ike dochie anya titanium dioxide akụkụ ma ọ bụ kpamkpam.
• Starch modifier: mee ka nchekwa kwụsie ike ma jiri arụmọrụ ka mma.
• Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a pụkwara iji bentonite na-acha ọcha mee ihe na akwa akwa dị elu, polymers, paints.

4. Ụrọ granular

A na-eji ụrọ na-arụ ọrụ mee ụrọ granular dị ka ihe bụ isi site na ọgwụgwọ kemịkalụ, ọdịdị ahụ bụ obere granular, ọ nwere mpaghara elu dị elu karịa ụrọ na-arụ ọrụ, nwere ikike adsorption dị elu, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ petrochemical aromatic, mmanụ ọkụ ụgbọ elu. Nnụcha, mmanụ ịnweta mmanụ, mmanụ anụmanụ na ihe oriri, wax na organic mmiri mmiri decolorization refining, na-ejikwa mmanụ lubricating mmanụ, isi mmanụ, dizel na mmanụ ndị ọzọ refining, wepụ ihe fọdụrụ olefins, chịngọm, asphalt, alkaline nitride na ndị ọzọ adịghị ọcha na mmanụ.

A pụkwara iji ụrọ granular mee ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ, ọgwụ ime ọgwụ alkali detoxifier, vitamin A, B adsorbent, onye na-ahụ maka kọntaktị mmanụ na-adaba adaba, mmanụ ụgbọala vapor essence nkwadebe, wdg, na nwekwara ike iji dị ka akụrụngwa maka ọkara okpomọkụ polymerization. ihe mkpali na elu okpomọkụ polymerization gị n'ụlọnga.

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ndị na-adịghị egbu egbu, ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe, obere mmanụ mmanụ, na ụrọ granular nke a pụrụ iji mee ka mmanụ na-edozi ahụ na-edozi ihe oriri bụ ebe dị ọkụ na-achọ.